Bougainville Louis Antoine Comte De 1729-1811 Born In Paris
Educated for his father's profession of notary; and soon obtained
recognition as an advocate in the Parliament of Paris. As a student
displayed a remarkable talent for mathematics, and at the age of
twenty-two wrote the first volume of a treatise on the Integral
Calculus. His mathematical work recognized by the Royal Society in
electing him to a fellowship. Joined the army in 1755, and the next year
came to Canada as M
ntcalm's aide-de-camp. Played an important part in
the siege of Quebec, and wrote an elaborate journal of the campaign,
much of which appears to have been incorporated in Montcalm's Journal,
published by Abbe Casgrain. Returned to France in 1760, and after
serving in Germany, joined the navy. From 1766 to 1769 made a voyage
around the world; served in the West Indies during the Revolutionary
War, and commanded the van of the French fleet in the action off
Chesapeake Bay. Retired from active service, 1790; nominated by Napoleon
to the Senate, and raised to the nobility. =Index=: (Wolfe / Montcalm era) Aide-de-camp to
Montcalm, 1; despatched to France to represent desperate state of
colony, 62; commands Grenadiers along Beauport shore, 85; incurs Bigot's
hostility, 88; ordered to protect country west of Quebec, 151, 158;
interview with Montcalm at Beauport, 160; Vaudreuil writes that safety
of colony is in his hands, 161; duped by Wolfe's strategy, 177;
criticized by Chevalier Johnstone, 177; his promotion due to court
favour, 177; disregards instructions of governor by changing commander
at Le Foulon, 178; great reliance placed on him, 178; his failure to
reinforce post at the Foulon, 178, 184; his failure to follow British
fleet down from Cap Rouge, 184; held responsible for disaster, 210; his
delay at Sillery, 211; arrives after battle, 222; his letter to
Ramezay, regarding provisions, 226; holds his position at Cap Rouge
while rest of army retreats, 229; on march to Quebec, hears of
capitulation, 234; replaces Lusignan at Ile-aux-Noix, 245; congratulates
Levis on victory of Ste. Foy, 267. =Bib.=: Works: Traite du Calcul
Integral; Voyage autour du Monde; Essai Historique sur les
Navigations Anciennes et Modernes (Acad. des Sciences Morales et Pol.,
Vol. I); Notice Historique sur les Sauvages de l'Amerique
Septentrionale (ibid., Vol. III). His letters are printed in Doughty,
Siege of Quebec; and his manuscript journals are in the Canadian
Archives. See also De Kerallain, La Jeunesse de Bougainville;
Michaud, Biog. Univ.; Larousse, Grande Dict. Univ.; Casgrain,
Montcalm et Levis; Parkman, Montcalm and Wolfe; Wood, The Fight for
Canada; Hart, The Fall of New France, 1755-1760.