The Articles Of Confederation
<p>The confederation movement.&mdash;When danger from without threatened, a union of the colonies as a device of safety had often been suggested, but separatist tendencies had always proved too strong for the federationists. Franklin had been a friend... The Background And The Discovery
<p>The fifteenth century witnessed the culmination of the Renaissance, the rise of the Turkish Empire, the shifting of the commercial center from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic, the discovery of America and the opening of the Cape route to India. P... The Background Of The Contest
<p>Nature of the causes.&mdash;While British statesmen were working out a system of government for the newly acquired domains, in the empire forces of disintegration were at work which brought on the American Revolution. The causes of that convulsion ... The Bermudas
<p>The Somers Islands Company.&mdash;Almost simultaneously with the occupation of the Atlantic seaboard, the English had been establishing vigorous colonies in the islands adjacent to North America. In 1609 a Virginia supply ship commanded by Sir Geor... The Carolinas
<p>The Carolina coast.&mdash;From the James River region to the Spanish settlements in Florida, stretched a vast territory, which, with the single exception of a settlement on the Chowan River, was unoccupied by white men when Charles II came to the t... The Chesapeake Bay Region
<p>The settled area.&mdash;The Chesapeake Bay country formed another economic unit. By the end of the Stuart r&eacute;gime Maryland contained about 30,000 people, Virginia nearly 60,000, and North Carolina perhaps 3,000, practically all of English ext... The Colonial Administrative System Of The Early Stuarts
<p>Early experiments.&mdash;During the reigns of the first two Stuarts a colonial administrative policy was developed. With James I permanent settlements began. They were regarded as dependent upon the crown rather than as an integral part of the stat... The Colonial System During The Reign Of Anne
<p>Cabinet development.&mdash;During the reign of Anne the cabinet system was gradually evolving. The privy council continued as the legal advisory body of the crown, but a small group of ministers, the forerunner of the modern cabinet, was in control... The Colonial System Under The Whigs
<p>Whig ascendency.&mdash;The peaceful establishment of George I on the English throne marked the downfall of the Tory party. To keep England at peace and at the same time to maintain the balance of power in Europe was the difficult task which the Whi... The Conquest Of Central America
<p>Castilla del Oro.&mdash;At the same time that the islands other than Espa&ntilde;ola were being occupied, beginnings of settlement were made in Central America. In 1503 Christopher Columbus had attempted to establish a colony on the Veragua coast, ... The Conquest Of The Valley Of Mexico
<p>The revolt of Cort&eacute;s.&mdash;In the very year of the founding of Panam&aacute; Hernando Cort&eacute;s entered Mexico. The return of the expeditions of C&oacute;rdova and Grijalva to the Mexican coast had caused excitement in Cuba. Governor Ve... The Contest For New York
<p>Preparations to defend New York.&mdash;After the evacuation of Boston it was realized that New York would be a probable point of attack and great exertions were made to put it in a state of defence. Washington arrived on April 13, 1776; his troops,... The Contest For Philadelphia
<p>Howe moves on Philadelphia.&mdash;While the northern army was struggling with Burgoyne, another great contest was taking place in Pennsylvania. Germaine had not given Howe definite orders to co&ouml;perate with Burgoyne and, in fact, had approved t... The Declaration Of Independence
<p>The colonies advised to form temporary governments.&mdash;Up to the beginning of 1776 the Whigs disavowed the purpose or desire for independence. But in spite of the view of the conservatives, Congress had been forced to assume the direction of the... The Dutch And The Swedes On The Delaware
<p>Swedish territorial and commercial expansion.&mdash;In the first half of the seventeenth century Sweden rose to the position of a first class power. When Gustavus Adolphus ascended the throne in 1611, Sweden was at war with Denmark, Russia, and Pol...

Hudson's Bay Company The West Indies The Massachusetts Bay Colony The Mines Of Northern Mexico The Founding Of Alta California The Conquest Of The Valley Of Mexico Spain During The Conquest The Settlement Of The Atlantic Seaboard

The Struggle With The English On The Carolina Border The Occupation Of The Floridas Trans-alleghany Settlement Beginning Of Organized Resistance The Trans-mississippi West The War Of The English Succession Western Trade And Exploration The Struggle With Rivals In The West Indies