Cartier Jacques 1491-1557 In 1534 Sailing Out Of St Malo Made
his first voyage to the New World, entering the Gulf of St. Lawrence by
way of the Straits of Belle Isle, landing on the Gaspe shore, and
coasting around the eastern end of Anticosti. Returned to France. The
following year again sailed to the gulf, and entered the river St.
Lawrence. Continuing his voyage, passed the mouth of the Saguenay, and
landed on the Island of Orleans, which he named Ile Bacchus. Brought his
lit
le ships into the St. Charles River, upon whose banks stood the
Indian village of Stadacone. After exploring the St. Lawrence as far as
the Indian town of Hochelaga (Montreal), returned to Stadacone, where he
wintered. In the spring of 1536 sailed back to France, taking with him
the Iroquois chief, Donnacona. In 1541, made a third voyage to Canada.
Roberval was to have followed with a number of colonists, but did not
actually sail until the spring of 1542. When he reached Newfoundland, he
met Cartier on his way home. Roberval's colony proved disastrous, and
Cartier undertook a fourth voyage to the New World to rescue the
survivors. =Index=: (Samuel de Champlain era) Names Hare Island, 13; ravages of scurvy among
his men, 23; finds a remedy in the plant aneda, 29; Membertou pretends
to have met him in 1534, 36; his winter quarters identified by
Champlain, 44-45; his Riviere de Fouez identified as the St. Maurice,
52. (Count Frontenac era) His voyages, 1; attempt at colonization, 2. (Bishop Laval era) With his men,
receives communion from bishop of St. Malo, 7. (Sir Georges E. Cartier era) Sir Georges E.
Cartier a descendant of the explorer's family, 3. =Bib.=: For a complete
list of the original editions of Cartier's voyages, see Harrisse,
Notes pour Servir, etc. Tross, Paris, reprinted them as follows:
D'Avezac, Bref Recit et Succinte Narration de la Navigation Faite par
le Capitaine Jacques Cartier aux Iles de Canada, etc. (1863); Michelant
et Rame, Voyage de Jacques Cartier au Canada en 1534 (1865); Michelant
et Rame, Relation Originale, du Voyage de Jacques Cartier au Canada en
1534 (1867). The first English version is that of Florio (1580). In
1600 Hakluyt included a more accurate translation in his Principal
Navigations. H. B. Stephen's essay, Jacques Cartier and his Voyages to
Canada, is accompanied by a new translation of the voyages. The Cartier
voyages are discussed in the Trans. R. S. C., by W. F. Ganong (1887),
(1889); Paul de Gazes (1884), (1890); Abbe Verreau (1890), (1891),
(1897); Archbishop Howley (1894); and in the Quebec Lit. and Hist. Soc.
Trans., Voyages de Decouvertes au Canada (1843); Demazieres, Notes
sur Jacques Cartier (1862). See also Pope, Jacques Cartier;
Winsor, Cartier to Frontenac; Parkman, Pioneers of France; Des
Longrais, Jacques Cartier; Dionne, La Nouvelle France de Cartier a
Champlain; Dent, Can. Por.
painting by A. Suzor Cote]